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The paper deals with basic and advanced theories for modeling mechanical, hydraulic, chemical and electrical phenomena of growing practical interest involving mineral barriers, polluted subsoils and waste landfills. In particular, four related and very topical issues are focused on: (1) prediction of short and long term behavior of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) for pollutants control; (2) modeling...
The present work investigates the impact of scale on dispersion coefficient for the transport of a nonreactive contaminant through a homogeneous medium. A scale-dependent dispersion coefficient which varies as a power law function of distance (Dx = Dd + mxn, Dx — Dispersion coefficient, Dd — Diffusion coefficient, x — distance, and m and n are the multiplying and exponent factors which depend on the...
A new approach, named the Vector Sum Method (VSM), is proposed in this paper, which can be used to study the safety factor of stability for slope and dam foundation problems. It is well known that the strength reduction method is generally applied in this field. Some disadvantages of slope and dam foundation stability analysis methods based on strength reduction principle are discussed. Several typical...
One of the most serious environmental issues related to the mining industry in Canada and elsewhere, is the pollution from abandoned mine waste disposal sites. The wastes containing sulphide minerals can oxidize and generate contaminants in the water drainage, a phenomenon called acid mine drainage (AMD). Different techniques are available to control the production of AMD. However, these techniques...
The effect of oxide magnesium (MgO) additive on preventing and/or reducing the leakage of Cr(VI) from a fly ash (coal ash) has been investigated by batch contact and column percolation tests. The test results indicate that MgO additive has an obvious effect of reducing Cr(VI) to CR(III). For cases of adding 10 to 30% of Ariake clay into the fly ash, the test results indicate that Cr(III) was absorbed...
Management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the major environmental problems in China. Solid waste disposal in landfills remains the most economic form of disposal for most cases. In this paper, an attempt has been made to provide a review of four geotechnical issues associated with landfills of MSWs, including (1) water and leachate flow within landfills, (2) landfill gas generation, transport...
Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a fast, accurate, and safe technology. The basic principle of time domain reflectometry (TDR) is the same as radar. The system sends an electromagnetic pulse along the waveguide and reflects on the mismatch impedance. Therefore, The position of mismatch impedance can be determined from the reflected signal which can be used to monitoring the underground water level...
Chinese professional standards system of environmental sanitation was gradually formed in the late 1980s. The technical standard of waste sanitation landfill treatment is one of the earliest executive technical specifications. The basics of both landfill technology and standard formulation stem from sanitary landfill technical specification. During the development of the new standard, considerable...
The use of Cover Systems over top of mining wastes and industrial wastes has become a common solution for mitigating the release of contaminants into the environment. The design of single layer or multi layer cover systems appears to be quite straight forward from a conceptual standpoint. However, once the design procedure is embarked upon, it becomes clear that many assumptions are required as part...
Municipal solid waste landfills are geotechnical structures. Essentially, they may be regarded as containments which serve the purpose of preventing harmful contaminants from migrating out of the waste pile towards the environment, menacing the bases of life in nature, surface water, ground water and the atmosphere. Inside the landfill municipal solid waste undergoes processes of bio-degradation associated...
Many industries create sludges as a waste product. Dewatering of these fine grained slurries is often problematic and the traditional outlets of lagoons or landfill may pose stability and environmental contamination issues. Sludges may be mineral based or organic based. Mineral based sludges created by mining processes are currently deposited into lagoons. These tailings are often very soft and poorly...
The application of bioreactor landfill with leachate recirculation was usually confronted with the problems of waste acidification and high ammonia content in leachate. A modified operation called “ecologically based landfill” was induced by recycling the pre-treated fresh leachate into landfill and sub-irrigating the stabilized leachate into the plant-soil system of cover layers. The former accelerated...
Gasoline type contaminants are a serious threat to soil and groundwater quality as well as health and welfare of general public. Most constituents of gasoline are volatile organic compounds. Soil vapor extraction and air sparging (SVE/AS) are the most efficient techniques to remediate soils and groundwater contaminated with volatile organic compounds. Hence in this state-of-the-art review paper the...
Contaminated land management is now a mature discipline and geotechnical engineers are very familiar with desk studies and site investigation procedures. However, remedial practice varies very considerably with legal and financial instruments moving practice in many countries away from landfill. Sustainability also has become a topic for debate and the paper considers some aspects of sustainability...
Management of waste landfill and contaminated sites has been a great concern in the discipline of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. First, the current Japanese status of remediation of contaminated sites and waste containments are summarized in this paper, particularly focusing on the importance of development of in-situ remediation and containment technologies. Second, a construction...
Electrical resistivity is a feature parameter of soils. It could be used to represent some fundamental geotechnical properties of soils. Based on the electrical resistivity study to cemented soil and contaminated soil, the electrical resistivity of cement solidified/stabilized contaminated soils was studied by laboratory test. Five types of artificial heavy metal contaminated soils (HMCS) were made...
The paper starts with an overview of the changes in the philosophy of landfill design and waste composition that have taken place in the western world over the past 50 years. This provides a context for a summary of the natural processes within landfills that a modern landfill engineer must have knowledge of and take into account. The importance of fluid flow and waste settlement is highlighted; and...
Contemporary design of lined landfills in the United States began in the early 1980&s with Federal regulations focused on hazardous waste disposal. This regulatory framework was expanded to include municipal solid waste in the early 1990&s. With nearly 30-years experience in the design of lined landfills, simple design practices have evolved to ensure the successful performance of lined landfills...
The scope of this paper is to present the shear behaviors of municipal solid waste and interfaces of composite liner in landfills. The shear strength of solid waste was investigated by triaxial compression and direct shear tests. Triaxial tests are conducted using standard sand sample randomly reinforced by fabric to investigate the influence of fabric length, fabric content on their strength behavior...
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